ElasticSearch索引的基本增、删、改、查ElasticSearch文档的基本增、删、改、查官方文档：https://www.elastic.co/cn/ 常用操作 》创建索引
相当于MySQL中的创建数据库
请求格式：/<索引名称>
请求示例
请求方式：GET
发送请求：
curl -X GET http://192.168.3.201:9200/index001
响应结果：
{ "acknowledged": true, "shards_acknowledged": true, "index": "index001"}
PUT请求具有幂等性，首次请求成功，再次请求就是400状态码
》获取单个索引
请求格式：/<索引名称>
请求示例
请求方式：GET
发送请求：
curl -X GEThttp://192.168.3.201:9200/index001
响应结果：
{ "index001": { "aliases": {}, "mappings": {}, "settings": { "index": { "creation_date": "1642472671251", "number_of_shards": "1", "number_of_replicas": "1", "uuid": "OHFCZiCwTC6bvlrPGUCZHQ", "version": { "created": "7090399" }, "provided_name": "index001" } } }}
》获取全部索引
与获取单个索引类似
请求格式：/_cat/indices?v
可选参数[v]：带上v会以表格的形式返回数据，内容更详细，显式更清晰
请求示例
请求方式：GET
发送请求：
curl -X GET http://192.168.3.201:9200/_cat/indices?v
响应结果：
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.sizeyellow open index001 OHFCZiCwTC6bvlrPGUCZHQ 1 1 0 0 208b 208b
》删除单个索引
请求格式：/<索引名称>
请求示例
请求方式：DELETE
发送请求：
curl -X DELETE http://192.168.3.201:9200/index001
响应结果：
{ "acknowledged": true}
》创建文档
请求格式：/<索引名称>/_doc/<自定义ID>
自定义ID：不填则随机生成另一种格式：你也可以把_doc改为_create
请求体body
是否必填：是格式：JSON请求体中参数名随意
注意：重复创建文档的操作会覆盖数据然后更新_version
请求示例
请求方式：POST
发送请求：
curl -X POST http://192.168.3.201:9200/index001/_doc/1001 -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -d '{"id":1001,"name":"张三","age":18}'
响应结果：
{ "_index": "index001", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "1001", "_version": 1, "result": "created", "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "failed": 0 }, "_seq_no": 0, "_primary_term": 5}
当成功创建文档后，请求体body中的自定义字段就会被加入到关联索引的mappings中的properties中，此时获取index索引结果如下：
{ "index001": { "aliases": {}, "mappings": { "properties": { "age": { "type": "long" }, "id": { "type": "long" }, "name": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } } } }, "settings": { "index": { "creation_date": "1642474213474", "number_of_shards": "1", "number_of_replicas": "1", "uuid": "MaZr80M8RgCl0PFZ_wjEXA", "version": { "created": "7090399" }, "provided_name": "index001" } } }}
》获取单个文档
请求格式：/<索引名称>/_doc/<自定义ID>
请求示例
请求方式：GET
发送请求：
curl -X GET http://192.168.3.201:9200/index001/_doc/1001
响应结果：
{"_index": "index001","_type": "_doc","_id": "1001","_version": 2,"_seq_no": 6,"_primary_term": 1,"found": true,"_source": {"id": 1001,"name": "张三","age": 18}}
》获取索引下全部文档
请求格式：/<索引名称>/_search
注意：此请求务必不要传请求体body
请求示例
请求方式：GET
发送请求：
curl -X GET http://192.168.3.201:9200/index001/_search
响应结果：
{"took": 756,"timed_out": false,"_shards": {"total": 1,"successful": 1,"skipped": 0,"failed": 0},"hits": {"total": {"value": 2,"relation": "eq"},"max_score": 1.0,"hits": [{"_index": "index001","_type": "_doc","_id": "tJcja34BW7FmJcLFEhTd","_score": 1.0,"_source": {"id": 1001,"name": "张三","age": 18}},{"_index": "index001","_type": "_doc","_id": "1001","_score": 1.0,"_source": {"id": 1001,"name": "张三","age": 18}}]}}
》全量更新某文档
请求格式：/<索引名称>/_doc/<文档ID>
请求体body
是否必填：是格式：JSON
请求示例
请求方式：PUT
发送请求：
curl -X PUT http://192.168.3.201:9200/index001/_doc/1001 -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -d '{"id":1001,"name":"张三","sex":1}'
响应结果：
{ "_index": "index001", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "1001", "_version": 3, "result": "updated", "_shards": { "total": 2, "successful": 1, "failed": 0 }, "_seq_no": 7, "_primary_term": 1}
问题：如果全量更新文档时请求体body中的字段名跟原有的字段名不一样怎么处理？
索引中会增量记录所有使用过的字段（查看索引中记录的字段，其中包含原有的字段age以及新增的字段sex）
{ "properties": { "age": { "type": "long" }, "id": { "type": "long" }, "name": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "sex": { "type": "long" } }}
文档中保留最后一次全量更新的所有字段（同一个索引中不同的文档可以具有不同的字段属性），如下示例一个是age属性一个是sex属性
{"hits": {"total": {"value": 2,"relation": "eq"},"max_score": 1.0,"hits": [{"_index": "index001","_type": "_doc","_id": "tJcja34BW7FmJcLFEhTd","_score": 1.0,"_source": {"id": 1001,"name": "张三","age": 18}},{"_index": "index001","_type": "_doc","_id": "1001","_score": 1.0,"_source": {"id": 1001,"name": "张三","sex": 1}}]}}
》局部更新某文档
请求格式：/<索引名称>/_update/<文档ID>
请求体body
是否必填：是格式：JSON，字段用“doc”键包裹注意：字段是目标文档中已存在的字段时更新原有字段，否则插入新字段。所有字段都会记录在索引的mappings中即使不再使用。
请求示例
请求方式：POST
发送请求：
curl -X POST http://192.168.3.201:9200/index001/_update/1001 -H 'Content-Type:application/json', -d '{"doc":{"sex":0}}'
响应结果：
{ "_index": "index001", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "1001", "_version": 4, "result": "updated", "_shards": { "total": 2, "successful": 1, "failed": 0 }, "_seq_no": 8, "_primary_term": 1}
》删除某文档
请求格式：/<索引名称>/_doc/<文档ID>
请求示例
请求方式：DELETE
发送请求：
curl -X DELETE http://192.168.3.201:9200/index001/_doc/1001
响应结果：
{ "_index": "index001", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "1001", "_version": 8, "result": "deleted", "_shards": { "total": 2, "successful": 1, "failed": 0 }, "_seq_no": 12, "_primary_term": 1}