通过Dockerfile实现GO程序多阶段构建容器化

Dockerfile实现GO语言编写httpserver的多阶段构建容器化

Go实现httpserver的源代码编写Dockerfile搭建镜像测试httpserver服务是否成功开启，并通过nsenter查看容器网络配置上传到Docker hub另一种Dockerfile编写方式 Go实现httpserver的源代码

创建main.go文件

package mainimport ("fmt""log""net""net/http""net/http/pprof""os""strings")func main() {mux := http.NewServeMux() //多路复用处理函数mux.HandleFunc("/", mainIndex) //handler，谁来处理requestmux.HandleFunc("/healthz", healthz) //healthz, 返回200，作为健康检查mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/", pprof.Index) //mux的debug模块mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/profile", pprof.Profile)mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/symbol", pprof.Symbol)mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/trace", pprof.Trace)err := http.ListenAndServe(":8080", mux) //启动服务if err != nil {log.Fatal("start server failed: %s n", err.Error())}}func mainIndex(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {//w.Write([]byte("Welcome to http server")) //如果返回页面就没有header了for k, v := range r.Header {for _, vv := range v {w.Header().Add(k, vv)fmt.Println(k, vv)}}w.Header().Add("systemEnv", os.Getenv("GOPATH"))log.Printf("Success! Response code: %d", 200)clientip := Clinetip(r)log.Printf("Success! client ip: %s", clientip)}func healthz(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {fmt.Fprintf(w, "200")}//ClientIP 尽最大努力实现获取客户端 IP 的算法。//当请求头不存在即不存在代理时直接获取ip, RemoteAddr//解析 X-Real-IP 和 X-Forwarded-For以便于反向代理（nginx 或 haproxy）可以正常工作。func Clinetip(r *http.Request) string {ip := strings.TrimSpace(strings.Split(r.Header.Get("x-Forwarded-For"), ",")[0])if ip != "" {return ip}ip = strings.TrimSpace(r.Header.Get("X-Real-Ip"))if ip != "" {return ip}if ip, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(strings.TrimSpace(r.RemoteAddr)); err == nil {return ip}return ""}

编写Dockerfile

FROM golang:1.17 AS builderENV GO111MODULE=off CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64WORKDIR /buildCOPY 、.RUN go build -o httpserver .FROM scratchCOPY --from=builder /build/httpserver /EXPOSE 8080ENTRYPOINT ["/httpserver"]

搭建镜像

docker build读取Dockerfile文件，搭建镜像，-t为容器添加tag

docker build 、-t httpserver:0.0.1docker run -d -p 8080:8080 httpserver:0.0.1

测试httpserver服务是否成功开启，并通过nsenter查看容器网络配置

httpserver容器运行成功

[root@localhost httpserver]# docker ps ConTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMESd2e1fe4e03f2 httpserver:0.0.1 "/httpserver" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp brave_chaum[root@localhost httpserver]# PID=$(docker inspect --format "{{ .State.Pid }}" brave_chaum)[root@localhost httpserver]# nsenter -t $PID -n ip a1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever24: eth0@if25: mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet 172.17.0.2/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

上传到Docker hub

[root@localhost httpserver]# docker tag 3fe3921ec1f0 henryli98/httpserver:0.0.1[root@localhost httpserver]# docker push henryli98/httpserver:0.0.1The push refers to repository [docker.io/henryli98/httpserver]af92bb057461: Pushed 0.0.1: digest: sha256:06cb18e9d2cb4d79f3891eb848b23e5e89b80bc1f535c74766bfc1fe2644180d size: 528

另一种Dockerfile编写方式

FROM golang:1.17 AS buildWORKDIR /httpserver/COPY 、.ENV CGO_ENABLED=0ENV GO111MODULE=onENV GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,directRUN GOOS=linux go build -installsuffix cgo -o httpserver main.goFROM busyboxCOPY --from=build /httpserver/httpserver /httpserver/httpserverEXPOSE 8360ENV ENV localWORKDIR /httpserver/ENTRYPOINT ["./httpserver"]

本文章参考极客时间课程内容，个人学习记录使用