所谓的过滤器就是用来过滤前端发送过来的请求的数据信息的,就比如现在我们想要改变响应内容的编码,我们肯定是在Servlet中设置编码格式,但是这样的话,我们每次都要写那几句话,我们当然希望有一个中间件帮我们做了一劳永逸,这个时候过滤器就来了,包括什么密码校验都是通过这个做的
这里我们简单写了一个Demo
package com.mrli.servlet;import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;import jakarta.servlet.http.*;import java.io.IOException;public class Demo extends HttpServlet { @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException, IOException { resp.getWriter().write("你好世界!"); } @Override protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(req, resp); }}
现在我们通过过滤器来做,我们写Servlet我们需要实现Servlet接口,我们要使用过滤器当然也要实现Filter接口
这里需要注意,如果你使用的Tomcat10以上的版本,所有的javax包都被改成了jakarta,具体请看这一篇[https://blog.csdn.net/APCSZDDXM/article/details/122607014?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501](https://blog.csdn.net/APCSZDDXM/article/details/122607014?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501)
package com.mrli.servlet;import jakarta.servlet.*;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter { @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { System.out.printf("CharacterEncodingFilter初始化"); } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException, UnsupportedEncodingException { servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); System.out.println("前"); //这里一定要用filterChain调用它自己的doFilter对象让代码往下走,否则代码执行到这里就会停住,因为我们是可以有多个过滤器的 filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse); System.out.println("后"); } @Override public void destroy() { System.out.printf("CharacterEncodingFilter销毁"); }}
注册一下过滤器
使用了jakarta包之后,filter-class会报红,目前我也暂时没有找到原因,但是Tomcat可以正常运行。
package com.mrli.servlet;import jakarta.servlet.ServletContext;import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;public class ListenerServlet implements HttpSessionListener { @Override public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) { ServletContext servletContext = se.getSession().getServletContext(); Integer onlinePeople= (Integer) servletContext.getAttribute("OnlinePeople"); if(onlinePeople==null){ onlinePeople=new Integer(1); }else{ int i = onlinePeople.intValue(); onlinePeople=new Integer(i+1); } servletContext.setAttribute("OnlinePeople",onlinePeople); } @Override public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) { ServletContext servletContext = se.getSession().getServletContext(); Integer onlinePeople= (Integer) servletContext.getAttribute("OnlinePeople"); if(onlinePeople==null){ onlinePeople=new Integer(0); }else{ int i = onlinePeople.intValue(); onlinePeople=new Integer(i-1); } servletContext.setAttribute("OnlinePeople",onlinePeople); //session的销毁方式有两种: //1.手动销毁 invalidate() //2.自动销毁 在web.xml中配置
这个监听器也是需要注册的
com.mrli.servlet.ListenerServlet
给一个窗口添加事件监听package com.mrli.servlet;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;public class TestPanel { public static void main(String[] args) { frame frame = new frame();//创建一个窗口 Panel panel = new Panel(null);//创建一个面板,并使用null布局 frame.setLayout(null);//窗口的布局使用null frame.setBounds(0,0,400,400);//设置窗口的初始位置和大小 frame.setBackground(new Color(125,200,0));//设置窗口的背景颜色 panel.setBounds(50,50,200,200);//设置面板的初始位置和大小 panel.setBackground(new Color(125,0,125));//设置面板的背景颜色 frame.add(panel);//将面板添加到窗口中 frame.setVisible(true);//是窗口可见 //给窗口添加监听 frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { @Override public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { System.out.println("关闭ing"); System.exit(0);//正常推出程序 } }); }}